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What Do Drugs Do?

There are four different ways that drugs can affect the body. Some drugs, (such as speed) only affect the body in one of these ways, while others (such as ecstasy) can affect the body in more than one way. The four general types of drugs are:

  • Stimulants - speed up the body
  • Depressants - slow down the body
  • Hallucinogens or psychedelics - alter the user's perception
  • Narcotics - make the user feel relaxed or drowsy
The first effect of stimulant drugs is a 'rush' or a feeling of giddiness or energy. You may involuntarily begin panting or gasping for breath. Sometimes, as with ecstasy, the drug can mask feelings of tiredness until you becomes exhausted or dehydrated, or until the drug wears off. If you are going to be dancing or doing any other strenuous activity while high, it is important to drink water or a (non-alcoholic) sports drink, and take regular breaks, whether you feel tired or not.

Depressants and narcotics slow down your pulse and dull your nervous system, producing a feeling of relaxation, well-being and loss of inhibitions. This can also cause you to stop breathing. These drugs are addictive.

Hallucinogenic drugs change the way people see the world. The hallucinations can be pleasant, or terrifying, depending on the hallucination, which in turn is affected by the setting and your mood and mind-set. They take about an hour to act, but the high can last for several hours. Flashbacks can occur unexpectedly for days or months afterward.

The 'come down' experienced as the drug's effect begins to fade, is different depending on what drug you have taken, how large a dose, and how often you have used the drug before. Coming down from any drug that you use frequently can cause feelings of paranoia or panic. With stimulants, the high is achieved by using up your body's own energy store, so the down is inevitable as your body becomes exhausted. Using stimulants often can cause more severe downs because your body has less time to recover between uses.

Cocaine, crack and ecstasy can have downs that last for up to a week. Both alcohol and tranquilizers can give you hangovers.

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